Harness
Horse Racing Terms & Key Tips
ITEMS TO CONSIDER
WHEN WAGERING ON HARNESS RACING
Here are some simple tactics which
may be helpful to a new harness racing bettor:
1. The Driver.
Drivers, much as other athletes, possess varying amounts of ability, and even
the good ones have slumps. Fortunately, race tracks keep records of how a driver
performs. Next to his or her name, you'll find statistics about their performance
at the given track. For example, you might see something like this:
JOE DOKES red-gr-blu (112-23-15-11-.313)
Simply stated, driver Dokes (who wears red, green and blue colors) has driven
in 112 races, winning 23 of them, finishing second 15 times, and finishing third
11 times. His "Universal Driver Rating" -- a number calculated like a batting
average -- is .313. Any number over .300 is considered excellent. At most racing
locations, the program will include a listing of the track's leading drivers.
The drivers may be listed by the Universal Driver Rating (UDR), or by the total
number of wins. The most useful piece of information in the driver statistics
is a driver's winning percentage. The drivers who can "get 'em home first" at
the highest rate should merit extra handicapping points. A horse that receives
a switch from an unranked driver to a top-rate pilot should get further handicapping
points. Often, though, the top drivers are bet heavily by the public, resulting
in odds lower than what the horse's chances might truly warrant. Also, drivers
not listed among the leaders may still qualify as a possible bet if the horse
passes other handicapping tests, AND the unranked driver has driven the horse
successfully in the past. Top trainers, sometimes listed in your program, usually
have their horses in peak condition and ready to win. As with drivers, isolate
the trainers who have a high win percentage. A horse "claimed" in his last start
(the "c" or "z" after the claiming price shows a claim) and moving into a top
trainer's care may show dramatic improvement for his new stable.
2. Consistency.
Consistency is perhaps the most outstanding characteristic of the standardbred
horse. Good horses are able to perform well, week after week. Most racing programs
will show records of these performances. In the upper left-hand portion of each
horse's past performances, you'll see the fastest winning mile of the year listed,
the number of starts, wins, seconds, thirds, and money won for the present and
past years.
3. Class.
Harness horses tend to race against other horses of comparable ability, and it's
the job of the race secretary to design races that will bring together well-matched
and competitive fields. Race types fall into various "classes," such as: conditioned
races (grouping done by the horses' earnings and other factors); claiming races
(grouping done by the estimated value of the horses); or "feature" events (Open,
Invitation, Stakes, etc.). The best way to judge whether a horse is moving "up" or "down" in
class is to compare the purse of the race in question with the present race's
purse. Within a given track's class structure, the purse is often a useful barometer;
however, comparing purses from one track to another is a less reliable guide.
Horses dropping in class are generally a good bet -- if they meet other handicapping
criteria. An edge in class is worth one or two handicapping points, as horses
dropping in class are meeting softer competition tonight. Horses moving up, however,
may still rate consideration if they have been winning impressively or posting
fast times while facing horses in a lower class. Younger horses who have made
only a few starts also may move in class readily, as their true class might not
yet be established.
4. Post Position.
Generally speaking, the inside post positions (numbers one through four) are
an advantage, especially on half-mile tracks. Horses who do not have good post
position risk the possibility of being "parked out" (marked by the "0" symbol
in the program) and losing considerable ground while racing on the turns. The
inside post position bias is most pronounced on half-mile tracks, where there
is a short distance between the start and first turn. The bias still exists on
five-eighths-mile and mile tracks, but to a lesser extent. Most programs list
the number of winners coming from each position, making the job of evaluating
post positions easy. It's also important to check the racing style of a horse
and figure out his likely racing position throughout the mile. If there are many
horses whose past performance show early speed in a race, they may wear themselves
out fighting among themselves, and a fast-finishing horse may catch them before
the wire Similarly, a good come-from-behind horse from a bad post position may
find other fast finishers in a better position than he is when he starts to make
his move. That horse may not be able to make up enough ground on his rivals to
win. Finally, a horse who raced either spectacularly or poorly from a bad post
position last week may have a better chance of winning from an inside starting
slot tonight.
5. Time.
An important handicapping concept to understand is that the final time posted
by a horse is not as important as his individual quarter-mile times. For example, "Able
Almahurst" may race in a trailing position in a fast-paced race and merely finish
in average time, but record a fast victory due to the fast early pace. "Baker
Hanover," meanwhile, may trail far behind a slow pace and finish very rapidly,
but not gain much ground during a fast final quarter. Yet ... "Baker" may well
be sharper than "Able!" A horse that "does work" (races on the lead or outside
in a challenging position, or close strongly) in a fast quarter should get extra
points in handicapping. Although fractional times are more important than final
time, it is a fact that some horses are just faster than others. It is important
to check how fast horses have been clocked in recent races, although the swiftest
ones, and ones who are merely "sucked along" (stayed behind other horses in the
pack), are often overbet by the public. Times posted at other tracks may be adjusted,
when handicapping, by checking the "Comparative Speed Ratings" in the program.
Take the difference between the ratings and add or subtract the result to the
time posted at the other track. It will show what the time might have been if
the race had been at the track where the horse is on the present night.
6. Form.
Like any other athlete, a harness horse's performances cross peaks and valleys,
but most every race winner has shown that he's been racing at or near top "form." In
the most recent races listed for each horse in the racing program, the running
positions (where the horse was in a race: 1st, 6th, etc.) are the indicators
of form. Horses tend to fall into two broad categories: those that race on or
near the lead, and those that race farther back and come on strongly at the finish.
Front-running horses displaying good form show that they can hold the lead all
the way, while the latter type horses show come-from-behind rushes to either
win or just miss. Changes in form can be spotted by comparing race lines week
to week. Once a front-runner's past performance lines start to show he can't
hold the lead all the way, he's going "off form." But when each line shows he's
getting closer to going "wire-to-wire," he's coming back into form...and is worth
a bet. Sometimes, though, what appears to be a downward swing in form may not
be that at all. A dull-appearing performance may be the result of an "off" track
(sloppy, muddy, etc.), interference, show fractional times, or simply of having
raced against horses of superior class. Horses must also race frequently to keep
their form, and they compete on an average of every six to ten days. Long layoffs
are almost always a bad sign.
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